Classification or organisms is based on each group having certain characteristic features. Once we know the main features of various groups, we can identify an unknown organism. Biologist use a key to identify organisms quickly and accurately. For example, we can identify the class to which a vertebrate belongs by using the dichotomous key.
In a dichotomous key, the groupings are made according to differences in the characters of the organisms. The grouping at each step is made on the basics of a single character.
(a) The character is present : (one group)
(b) The character is absent : (next group)
Such a grouping is often artificial but it is useful in identifying groups of organisms.
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